Introduction: With the success of Masoud Pezeshkian as the 9th President of Islamic Republic of Iran and the importance of recognizing the possible foreign policy changes in the upcoming four-year period (1403-1407), the main question of this paper is what will be the most important paths of the foreign policy change in this Period? In answer to this question, based on the “synthetic model of foreign policy change”, the hypothesis of this research is that there are three general paths for Iran's foreign policy change in the 14th administration (new alternative inputs from domestic or international sources, finding pre-existing inputs into the foreign policy decision-making apparatus and finally changes in narrative by foreign policy decision-makers. So, the main aim of this research is a theoretical aim, focusing on the paths of in Iran's foreign policy change during the 14th administration.Methods: This research is explanatory research in which the data analysis will be through the adaptation of the proposed conceptual model with the case study. The conceptual framework of this research is focusing on the concept of " foreign policy change" and the theoretical models and literature about it. Research data have also been collected through virtual sources (English articles) and documents.Results and Discussion: The research findings and the main argument of the proposed model of this research is that the foreign policy change can take place through any of the three paths. There are influencing variables under each of these paths. These variables, which include material and semantic variables and are located at domestic and international levels, determine the paths of change. For example, windows of opportunity, external shocks and events and new environmental pressures (incentives and punishments) are three important international and material factors in the form of independent variables and as new inputs. If these variables are understood by the mental framework of new foreign policy decision makers (mediating variable), they can cause changes in Iran's foreign policy (dependent variable). On the other hand, the different understanding of the new decision-makers in the 14th administration as the intellectual and cognitive influencing factors (independent variable and as new inputs) is important in creating different outputs of foreign policy (dependent variable). The second path examines the already existing alternative inputs to the decision-making apparatus of the 14th administration. If these inputs are not interpreted differently by new decision makers (intermediary variable), they can cause continuity or minor changes in foreign policy. The third path is through the manipulation of certain elements within the main narrative that the Iranian defines for themselves, by foreign policy decision makers, which makes the policy change legitimate and possible for the audience.Conclusion: The first conclusion of the research is that for the accurate analysis of the possible paths of change in foreign policy of 14th administration, it is necessary to consider the elements of three paths simultaneously. On the other hand, any of these paths of change can lead to changes in the goals/tools or both in the direction of Iran's foreign policy. The extent of change can include radical change or minor changes in one or more specific areas.

Although opportunity identification is a prerequisite for entrepreneurial development in any field and without it, entrepreneurial activity does not occur, but it is necessary to identify the factors affecting the development of entrepreneurial opportunities in order to make the necessary policy to take advantage of them. Despite its many capabilities, the handicrafts sector has not yet been considered in terms of factors affecting its entrepreneurial opportunities. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to presenting an analytical model of components affecting the creation of entrepreneurial opportunities, which has been done on a case study in the handicrafts sector of Golestan province. The research method in this study is mixed (quantitative and qualitative). First, in the quality section, 5criteria and 22sub-criteria affecting the creation of entrepreneurial opportunities in handicrafts were identified based on the opinion of 20 experts and senior experts in entrepreneurship and handicrafts who were selected by snowball sampling method. Then, in the quantitative section, by sampling 171 handicraft activists in Golestan province, the criteria and sub-criteria identified in the first stage were ranked using ANP. The results showed that the sub-criteria of tax laws and regulations, new methods and approaches of handicraft production and upgrading the culture of handicraft education have the most impact and the sub-criteria of social capital, export and product application have the least impact on creating entrepreneurial opportunities in handicrafts, respectively. Examining the total score indicates that social and cultural criteria are more important than other criteria in creating entrepreneurial opportunities for handicrafts

پژوهشِ حاضر از منظرِ روش شناسی کیفی به بررسی تفاوت‎های موجود در نوعِ موسیقی مصرفی جوانان شهر تهران و تفسیر ایشان از آن می‎پردازد. جهتِ فهمِ جامعه شناسانۀ تفاوت‎های مصرفِ موسیقی جوانان این موضوع از رهگذرِ سرمایۀ فرهنگی_ که عاملانِ اجتماعی با توجه به جایگاه اجتماعی شان آن را کسب کرده‎اند،_ مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. با توجه به داده‎های متنی پژوهش، پژوهشگران از میان روش های کیفی روشِ تحلیلِ محتوای کیفی را انتخاب کرده‎اند. داده های پژوهش از طریقِ مصاحبۀ نیمه ساخت یافته با مشارکت کنندگانِ پژوهش گردآوری شده است. با توجه به اهدافِ پژوهش جریانِ انتخاب مشارکت کنندگان بر مبنای نمونه گیری هدفمند صورت یافته است. پژوهشِ حاضر تفاوت‎هایی که میان کنشگرانِ جوانِ با سرمایۀ فرهنگی متفاوت در حوزۀ مصرفِ موسیقی و تفسیر آن وجود دارد را در قالبِ مفاهیم و مقولاتی نشان داده است. این مفاهیم و مقولات عبارت‎اند از: 1. ذائقۀ تربیت شده و ذائقۀ حسی 2. هارمونی و شوریدگی 3. رهنمون‎های مذهبی: مواجۀ نقدآمیز و مواجۀ طردآمیز 4. شنیدن ناشنیدنی ها و دیدن نادیدنی ها و 5- بخشی از ما. نتایج پژوهشِ حاضر نشان می‎دهد، مادامی که کنشگرانِ اجتماعی در سطحِ بالایی از سرمایۀ فرهنگی قرار دارند، در زمینۀ مصرفِ موسیقی به سمت نوعی فرهنگ گرایی رغبت و گرایش دارند. اما در نقطۀ مقابل کسانی که سرمایۀ فرهنگی به میزان اندکی در اختیار دارند به طبیعت نزدیکتر هستند. به عبارتی، ایشان قادر نیستند خود را وارد کدهایی کنند که با آن بتوانند موسیقی هایی نظیر سنتی، کلاسیک غربی یا موسیقی باروک را بازشناسی کنند. بنابراین از دو مفهومِ محوری فرهنگ‎گرایی و طبیعت‎گرایی جهت صورت‎بندی کردند،‎توان استفاده کرد.

Globalization process has affected different dimensions of modern life. Globalization with its free flow of information and communications, and changes in interactions and relations from micro to macro levels, has created challenges and opportunities for the global community. Globalization theories have undergone a paradigm shift and moved towards glocalization. In this new paradigm, accepting the pluralistic model is considered as the main axis in understanding and analyzing the interlinking caused by globalization. Like other fields, in the field of ethnic groups, globalization process can have diverse and sometimes conflicting impacts on ethnic groups. Some experts believe in incorporation and even permutation of subcultures and ethnic, local, and national identities in the dominant global culture, while other scholars believe that globalization boosts ethnic, local and national tendencies and orientations. Globalization process accepts pluralism in all aspects and by accepting this principle, cultural and social pluralism is capable of solving possible problems and challenges in the field of ethnic groups. Accordingly, this paper attempts to address this concern by studying the two models of assimilation and pluralism. The main hypothesis of the study is that pluralism, as one of the major components in the symmetric and comprehensive development, is the most practical model for convergence and solidarity of ethnic groups and religious minorities in Iran.

Although the notion of entrepreneurial alertness is considered as a basic concept in entrepreneurial opportunism theory, providing a scale for measuring it has been addressed less specifically in Iran. Thus, this casual- effect study conducted for validating this instrument. The statistical population of the study was consisted of agricultural graduates working in commercial agricultural companies in South of Kerman province (N=346) among which 132 people were chosen according to Cochran formula and proportional sampling method. A Likert- type standard questionnaire was the study instrument. The examination of divergent validity of instrument revealed its reliability and validity. The main statistical method was second order confirmatory factor analysis that showed that entrepreneurial alertness is consisted of three dimensions i.e. scanning and search, association and connection and evaluation and judgment and the hypothesis of uni-dimensionality was not supported. Furthermore, results revealed that association and connection dimension has more contribution in comparison with two other dimensions. In total, the results showed that opportunism in entrepreneurship as outlined by Kirzner, existed among Iranian entrepreneurs and this notion is essentially both intrinsic and acquisitive.